Hunger Games Essay Example

Hunger Games Paper To rebel is to revolt against the ruling power, reject accepted conventions and takes an individual or group that’s resistant to authority. In a dystopian novel, such as George Orwell’s 1984 and Suzanne Collins’ Hunger Games, the typicality is for the protagonist to rebel against the corrupted regime. Winston Smith is the protagonist of 1984, and it is through him that the readers have the capacity to comprehend and feel the agony that exists in the totalitarian society of Oceania. Katniss Everdeen is the main protagonist, the narrator, and District 12s female tribute, a determined teenager trying to survive the totalitarian control. It’s the protagonist that helps the readers recognise the negative aspects in a dystopian world through their perspective, this is because Winston and Katniss are able to see the unethical in Oceania and Panem. Orwell and Collins create a world in which oppressive societal control and the illusion of a perfect society are maintained by a repressive dictatorship ruling. This makes the readers associate with past dictatorship ruling, like; Joseph Stalin’s USSR and Adolf Hitler’s Germany era of ruling as they were manipulative and sadistic and used propaganda and secret police to prevent people from rebelling against their ruling. These techniques are similar in 1984 and Hunger Games as the leaders dehumanise citizens of Oceania and Panem by the use of Thought Police and Peacekeepers. The similarity between Stalin rule in the Soviet Union and 1984 could be because Orwell experienced first-hand a totalitarianism control when fighting in the Spanish Civil War on the side of the left-wing communist government which was embattled by General Francisco Franco, in other terms 1984 could be written as a warning to humanity. In Panem there is inequality between the rich and poor, most of the poverty is isolated to the last of the Districts where earning a very small living is life. We will write a custom essay sample on Hunger Games specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Hunger Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Hunger Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Katniss condemn this when she says, â€Å"District 12 where you can starve to death in safety. † The use of dialogue would make the readers sympathise with Katniss because the Capitol is claiming District 12 to be a safe haven, although it is the poorest District and cannot afford food for its inhabitants. This also may be the reason why Katniss hunts illegally in the woods beyond the District’s borders to feed her family. Hunting is illegal due to the fact that the Capitol is seeking power and control over the Districts by limiting food in order for them be the suppliers. In other words; by not allowing them to hunt, the Capitol can make sure that the only food source comes from them, this giving the Capitol an advantage and power. Katniss is rebellious as she is hunting illegally and if she was caught she’ll be murdered. This links to the fact that children living in District 12 are more likely to take tesserae tokens to survive due to the shortage of food compared to children living in the Capitol, this is because they would be tempted for a ration of oil and food. This is the reason why children living in the Districts are entered in the reaping. Collins makes the readers feel sorrowful for those living in District 12 by the use of the word ‘starve’. We associate with someone that is malnourished and creates an image of someone suffering from hunger which is a fear for all societies. Collins inspiration came from ancient Rome, so we can see a comparison between the tributes and the Roman gladiators because gladiators that fought in the arena had no choice, since they were often slaves or prisoners of war. Similarly from Panem, in Oceania there is also inequality between the rich and poor. The small Inner Party seems to live in luxury whilst the Outer Party members live in rundown apartments and the larger population, the ‘proles’ live in poverty. The ruling regime being the wealthiest and smallest population shows that wealth has not been divided equally and is contained for power. Through Winston, third-person narrative we’re informed that the proles live in decayed and bombed ruined houses, which indicates a war has occurred. This is a common convention in dystopian literature as war or a revolution had to occur for an oppressive regime to look favourable to the people because it’s giving the illusion of a perfect society. Orwell demonstrates how totalitarian societies promote the wealth of the ruling regime while decreasing the quality of life for the proles in the fictional book ‘The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism’ that was written by a former member of the Inner Party, who is conspiring against Big Brother. â€Å"Below Big Brother comes the Inner Party†¦Below the Inner Party comes the Outer Party†¦Below that come the dumb masses whom we habitually refer to as ‘the proles. ’† The repetition of the word ‘below’ would indicate to the readers that Big Brother is the most important and the least is the proles, as the level of importance decreases. The phrase â€Å"dumb masses† could be an indication to the readers that the proles are seen as the inferior population because we associate the word â€Å"dumb† to be someone stupid. If we were to picture a pyramid structure for the hierarchy of Oceania; at the bottom would be the proles, who can be seen as the working class. Above the proles would be Outer Party, who can be seen as middle class and then there is the Inner Party, who are seen as the elite class. Orwell lures us to the fact that the citizens of Oceania are being manipulated by the Party, â€Å"until they become conscious they will never rebel, until after they have they cannot become conscious. † This is showing the irony involved with revolution, in order to rebel you must know you’re oppressed, however, to know you’re oppressed, you must first over-throw the regime that deliberately keeps you unaware. By repeating the words ‘until’ and ‘they’ Orwell draws the readers into the fact that the citizens of Oceania are being manipulated by the Party and Orwell could be warning us of the consequences in giving the politicians too much power. Orwell could also be showing us what could happen to humanity if we aren’t being careful, his holding a mirror to society.

The Mystery of Which Route Han essays

The Mystery of Which Route Han essays The achievements of Hannibal and his brilliant tactics paved the road for future generals to look at his tactics and use them. Sadly, no less than seven accounts of Hannibals operations are said to have been written during his lifetime or very soon afterwards. Two of them by Greeks who accompanied him on his march from Spain and two others were Romans who fought against him. The two main historians at odd with Hannibals route are Polybius and Livy. Polybius was a Greek historian and wrote about Hannibals journey 70 years after the event. Livy was a Roman historian and wrote about Hannibals journey 120 years after the event. One of the disagreements of Hannibals march to Rome centered around the region of the Rhone valley. Historians have argued which route Hannibal took as his army was headed to the Alps. I will analyze in this paper the different accounts of the historians and the authors and I will create my own conclusion on which The route from Cartagena to the Rhone is hardly disputed, but northwards of Avignon there is a difference of opinions by many historians. The main point of the issue is the place where Hannibal turned eastwards from the Rhone and began the last stage of his march towards Italy. Some authorities believe that the turning point was at the place where the river Drome flows into the Rhone, and also the river Aygues between Montelimar and Valence. Others believe that he turned off much farther north than this, along the valley of the Isere which enters the Rhone north of Valence. The author Cottrell, believed with the historians who felt it was the Drome that Hannibal followed. One of his main reasons why he believes this route is because in 1777, Barthelemy Daillan was digging in his cellar and found the skeleton of an elephant. With it was a copper medallion, but he used it as an ornament on his shovel. It is now lost. I...

Separation of Colored Molecules Based on their Molecular Lab Report

Separation of Colored Molecules Based on their Molecular - Lab Report Example Chromatography is the method used in separating and analyzing complex mixtures. The separation process consists of a moving phase and a stationary phase. The mixture that is to be isolated is in the moving phase and it is made to pass through the immobile phase. Gel filtration is a procedure by which molecules are removed from a mixture based on their molecular shape and size. In gel filtration chromatography, the stationary phase consists of beads that have pores which span a narrow range that determines the size of the macromolecules to be fractioned. Large molecules that are large to enter the pores of the beads are separated thus comes out of the column first. Examples of gels used in gel filtration are Dextran, Polyacrylamide, and Agarose. When the column of Sephadex gel particles are packed: the volume of the solvent in the beads makes the internal volume (Vi) and that outside makes the external volume (Ve). The volume of the polymer forms the gel matrix volume (Vg). Bed volume is given by: The elution volume of a molecular substance is the volume of solvent that is needed to move out of that substance. Its least amount is the void volume. Small molecules have higher volume available them than the void volume. Where Kd is the coefficient of distribution and molecules have Kd between 0 and 1.The gel filtration column is divided into proteins of known molecular weight and then the Kd of each protein is calculated. The graph of Kd against log10 molecular weight is plotted and this graph allows the molecular weight of the unknown protein to be read from it. The buffer on top of the column was allowed to drain up to the level of the gel until the meniscus just disappeared.

Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Discussion Questions - Essay Example Respond in 100+ words and thread from here for participation on a day you need it. In the process of conducting business, it is unfortunate that there will be times when letters must go out to customers with news they would rather not hear. I have a friend who works in a hotel where many items are left behind by guests. When the items cannot be located, a letter is forwarded from management informing the guest that the item has not been found. The letter is a form letter that an assistant, or sometimes a desk clerk who isn’t busy, will fill in and forward to the guest. The letters are sometimes done in bulk from a list. The first paragraph of the letter thanks the guest and offers hope that their stay was enjoyable. The second paragraph takes no responsibility for the item while assuring them that everything was done to find what was left behind. In the third paragraph, an offer is made to use the letter as proof of a 15% discount on the room rate during the next stay, encouraging further business and good will toward the guest. This is a very effective for m of increasing return business. 2. Here is something you may have seen on the Internet—examples of unclear writing from letters received by government agencies. I thought you might get a chuckle from reading the list. It will give you some stress-reducing laughs, but at the same time make you realize that you need to be careful in how you craft your sentences for your papers and other assignments. If you like you can respond to it in 100+ words for participation. If not, just enjoy, chuckle and remember to be precise in YOUR writing! :-) Learning to write clearly can be a challenge. Sentence structure is important in order to convey a clear message that has no room for misinterpretation. When a message is garbled in the translation, the intent and meaning of the communication may be either diminished or disintegrated. As well, the

Gender studies and sex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gender studies and sex - Essay Example Homophobia defines this situation as the ability to be unmasked and be rendered unworthy to be a real man in front of other men. Fear is also one way of identifying a real man. If you are so shameful and fearful, you may not be identified as a real man. Homophobia is almost interwoven with sexism and racism. The fear of being identified as homosexual has proved to control mens behaviors. Homosexuality was not in the American norm thus rendering them unmanly. So men tend to avoid women especially in public to avoid others from judging them. Slaves for example, were identified as dependable men thus unable to defend their women and children. Native American were also believed not to be real men. Manhood is equal to power. This is seen in various jobs in the government. Men have more jobs than women. In various institutions, men have it all. So the feminine have been left powerless. Women in various instances are complaining publicly. They have been rendered powerless by men. It seems men have really framed it wrongly since life expectancy has been lower in men than women. Males have higher mortality than females. This could be based on their psychological, social and behavioral factors. Behavioral factors include, smoking, excessive consumption of alcohol, poor diet and risk taking. There are a number of causes leading to improper health options for men. It is believed that true masculinity can be seen through mens body and therefore it could be based on provision of health. Biological determinism sees the gender distinctions as biologically based thus natural, unavoidable and unchangeable; it therefore perpetuates males power. Mans power is well enhanced and privileged through artificial understanding of masculinity and power. Traditionally, various traits of masculinity is evident and are seen to be correct and natural that men find supremacy as a demand. Hegemonic masculinity is replicated through

Importance Of Social Spaces In Urban Spaces

Importance Of Social Spaces In Urban Spaces Since the early days people have lived in groups and survived through good and bad days. The communities form by humans has led to the development and enrichment of this world both technologically and habitually. It is the very human need the human interaction; this was the one most basic principal in development of architecture but the new age because of privacy needs and technology (internet) has grown people apart from each other rather than bring them together. The growing capitalist economy demands more of living space than of social space. This has led to poor quality of life standards and increase in crime and decrease in healthy life style. These days many professionals like architects, city planners and sociologist are researching how people live in more densely populated areas. How this has affected the social life of the residents and led the shrinking of social spaces. This paper will discuss the merits and demerits of the contemporary urban development, various effect of social space on communities. How this has led to increase in crime rates and decrease in productivity health and how this situation can be resolved. Key words :Social space , Public space, urban space, urban planning Outline: Introduction: sociology of human communities and their habitat Cause and effects of contemporary urban development The possible solutions and hypothesis of solutionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Introduction Growth is inevitable and desirable, but destruction of community character is not. The question is not whether your part of the world is going to change. The question is how. (Edward T. McMahon) Change Life! Change Society! These precepts mean nothing without the production of an appropriate space (Henri Lefebvre) By 2080 it is predicted that 80% of the human population will move to the cities and urban areas with highest concentrations in Asia and Africa. More people habitat now in urban spaces than in rural spaces ever before. This shows that the level of growth never has been this great and it is still growing. The comparative recent rise and progress of metropolises internationally has caused an increase of the significance of city planning. Urban developments are vibrant and diverse all over the globe. This necessitates an in-depth exploration and approaches to director expansions in the correct direction. New approaches and techniques to secure the extended sustainability of regions are being developed nowadays. Along with these swift expansions come numerous urban complications, like isolation, transportation congestion, contamination and deprivation of the atmosphere. In the international discussion about urban planning, approaches to develop metropolises in the future are expected to alterations. This is because a relatively new term has appeared among designers and planners: sustainable development. Various kinds of professions and practices go into generating public spaces that bring wellbeing and fortune to metropolises and societies. The skill of planning and designing for eminence and vitality in communal places rests in the equilibrium of societies, residence, essence and tradition. Public spaces must be more than safe and manageable; moreover they need to have sense and importance for people, to be used more fully and with better gratitude. Space, however is limited in this metropolitan where the topographical landscape limit possibilities to a definite range. Nevertheless, urban planners and designers have to find the best setting and try to discover a sustainable and long term solutions or ways which is best for the town and its present and prospect inhabitants. In some circumstances they come up with astonishing results and in some not that great. Urban renewal has been associated with urban expansion since the initial social settlement, and was given emphasis after the World War 2. Numerous periods knowledge and billions of moneys forced the judgment givers to comprehend the significance of urban appearance, value of life, and urban setting, which were accepted as fundamentals and facilitators for the economic advancement of metropolises, urban revival projects are created as symbol of the metropolitan and to offer space for occupants, and have been shown to be operational for cities rejuvenation by many countries. This paper examines this merits and demerits of urban development in general. With the growth and development of cities and metropolises around the world, urban planners and architects always keen on areas for impending advancements. Whether regeneration of old fragments of the city or emerging new areas out skirts of the current city limits, prospects are always open.. The study and material is largely based on literature. This paper adopts an extensive understanding of urban planning as the development of making better spaces for societies than would otherwise be created. How can urban planning contribute to the formation of miscellaneous public spaces that increase or improve value and quality to urban socio- economic life? What does a definition of diverse public spaces include? In what ways can public spaces enhance value and quality in urban life? How can urban planning make a positive contribution to creating public spaces? Does urban planning have a negative effect in some cases? Public /Social Spaces The measure of any great civilization is its cities and a measure of a citys greatness is to be found in the quality of its public spaces, its parks and squares. (John Ruskin) Public space is the juncture upon which the expression of public life develops. The paths, squares and gardens of a metropolitan give a form to the sanctuary and movement of social exchange. These vibrant spaces are a vital counterpart to the other established spaces and levies of work and family life, providing the networks for movement, nodes for communication and common grounds for play and relaxation (Carr, Francis, Rivlin, and Stone, 1992). There are number of definition on urban public place or space and its correlation (Wang, 2002). The description of public space and open space in the perspective of urban area provided by different institutes, is as the space which occurs among structures in urban space, which can be accessible freely by communal societies the space should be the room for urban inhabitants to meet and dialogue with other individuals, and for residence to stay in more natural atmosphere. It is also the representation of urban appearance the landscape, thus bei ng called as the breathing room or as the open window of the city. It is multifunctional place in urban space, which could be middle of governmental, monetary, or traditional events. Communal urban space is lively and all full of energy, which is vital for the ecological expansion of the city. Public spaces are shaped by at least two diverse processes; some have evolved naturally through assumption, by frequent use in a specific way, or by the concentration of societies because of an allure or an attraction say may be like a cafà © or very old tree where people wish for something etc. Both of these results in a space that accommodates societies for explicit reasons and it becomes a location that people depend on on as a place to encounter other people. These events might happen on a street junction, on some stairs in front of a structure, or on an undeveloped proportion in a area (Carr et al., 1992). Great communal places are the living area of the metropolitan the place where ind ividuals come together to appreciate the urban area and other individuals. Public spaces add value and increase the quality of life. Public spaces vary from plazas to squares, to small and big, local neighborhood parks or pounds. The combination of exquisite architecture with unique public spaces creates the most gorgeous places to live in places where one can express the joy and relish the nature and manmade structures Another way that public space gets created is by planning, which have diverse roots, though the purpose they serve may be parallel to unplanned or developing spaces. Planned spaces commonly transpire from the offices of urban planners, designers and landscape architects, who may be appointed by community or by private clienteles. Such public or open spaces may be the outcome of the arranging of an urban space the thoughtful or unplanned consequences of building accommodation, workplaces or communal structures. A district or neighborhood may be structured around a square, or the space around a monumental erection /structure may be intended as a public place with other edifices arranged around, or a space may be the surplus outcome of obstruction in a zoning regulation (Carr et al., 1993). The significance of social space has been recognized worldwide, primarily from the perception in refining quality of life through contented atmosphere and plentiful public life; improving urban appearance through urban vagueness; and compelling commercial development through investment which is appealed by the good appearance. The prominence of public space in building a pleasant atmosphere for human beings for work, resides, and relaxes. According to the Athens Charter in 1943 citys most noticeable public spaces are often illustrative of the metropolitan itself and imitate how its inhabitants relate to the town and to each other. Darin-Drabkin (1977) claimed that a decent living setting needs public spaces. Prominent designers and city planners have often reasoned that the quality of a metropoliss social spaces has much to do with how a district /town/ city prospers or fails as a place to habitat or do trade (Bacon, 1976). A numerous researchers and urban planners indicate that publ ic spaces can serve people to be content, to state and defend human rights and morals, and to express distinctive cultural values. Societies can learn new things and learn from others through public life (Carr and Lynch, 1968; Ward, 1978). No matter what technical innovations are taking place, human beings have not changed (Gehl 1980).They still need the casual contact with other human beings that used to be built into daily life. Public spaces can afford opportunities for such casual encounters in the course of daily life that can bind people together and give their lives meaning and power. Public spaces not only can serve daily needs but also can be places to gather for special occasions. City/Urban Planning Towns and cities are not God-given or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾naturalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸. They are the result of centuries of decision-making by individual owners and developers, and of government intervention. Whilst topography and geography do play a part, they do not absolutely determine development. The nature of towns and cities, to a considerable extent, is dependent on who shouts the loudest, and who has the greatest influence over policy. Clara Greed, 1996

The Importance of Education :: importance of education, 2015

Most people already know that going to college is important; it opens many doors and provides many advantages and opportunities. On average, people with a college education earn nearly twice as much as those with only a high school diploma. So, over a lifetime, a college graduate can earn about $2 million while a high school graduate will earn only $1 million. In fact, the earnings gap between someone with a college degree and someone with a high school diploma has widened in the last decades and that gap is projected to widen even further in the future. There are other advantages to being a college graduate. Research indicates that college graduates live longer, have better access to health care, are economically more stable, have more disposable income and more time to participate in leisure activities, vote at a higher rate, and are more involved in their communities. Earning a higher income allows a family to live in more affluent neighborhoods. Affluent areas have higher property values and collect higher taxes—tax revenues that allow these neighborhoods to have better schools and better access to healthcare. These advantages are passed on to the children who grow up healthier, perform better in school, and are more likely to attend college themselves. Individuals who attend college usually achieve higher skill levels than those who do not. Employers may use college degrees as one of the tools to sort out potential employees, recognizing that higher levels of education may indicate higher ability. Having a college education provides the individual with a much-needed edge in today’s competitive job market, as well as in the future. It is said that the economy of the 21st century is a knowledge economy.

PEST Analysis of the External Environment Essay

The paper provides an analysis of the Case Study for Westjet Airlines, Canada. The case is taken from the work done by Peter Yannoupoulus (pg 376-380) Problem Statement The following problem statements are proposed: 1. Westjet Airlines total debt is higher relative to its shareholder equity a measure that may call for external financing. The company needs a strategy to ensure its self-sufficiency. 2. Westjet has many competitors and has to come up with strategies to ensure it remains in the market and makes profits. The major questions that management of Westjet have to deal with is whether to maintain its status quo of offering low cost and low fare, whether to venture more in the third party charter segment or whether to be involved in the Trans borders segment. The management has to decide the best strategy it will use to achieve its expansion plan and decision must be made urgently. PEST Analysis of the External Environment Political/ Legal After the 9/11 attack operating in the small markets has become uneconomical due to increased costs. Legal measures by the government translated to higher costs to airlines, which were transferred to consumers. Non-profit airport authorities have also led to the increased prices that act as a disincentive to air transportation. Most customers are price sensitive and care must be taken to maintain its competitiveness. Westjet incurred added costs by providing amenities to its customers like leather seats, snacks leg rooms and television. Economic It offers quality services, empowers its employees and shares profits. This way it maintains its competitiveness. Having good relationships with employees creates good relationships with customers. Employees can make decisions and solve customer problems without the unnecessary delay of contracting the management. Employees are made to feel as if they are part of the company. By offering quality services and on job training it improves its highly motivated employees skills. It employs qualified people who also have a right attitude. Employees are motivated by the profit sharing where they get additional money from what the company makes. Through its employees share purchase plan, it encourages its employees to invest in the company’s stock. Pricing Its fares are 55% lower than air Canada fares. It offers services at a low cost so as to increase the traffic flow. It attracts passengers who would prefer other means of transport as well as those without the traveling idea but attracted by the prices. Westjet intends to expand its scope to serve the central and eastern Canada. By early 2004, it was serving 24 Canadian cities. (P. 376) Environment/ Technological In increasing its efficiency Westjet may be obliged to incur high costs but the benefits are worth it. For instance the installation of winglets that cost $ 635,000 per plane would result to $ 112,500 savings p. a per plane. (p. 379) Social and Cultural Westjet airlines provide passenger, cargo and third party charter services to Canada’s domestic market. It started its operations in 1996 with 3 aircrafts and 220 employees by 2003. It has expanded and now employs 3610 employees and 14 aircrafts. It has entered an agreement with Air transit, the leading Canadian charter airline and it rent its airplanes during off-peak seasons like in winter months. It also did its maintenance and rented some of its simulators. Competition Air Canada, the largest competitor has more resources and a higher command in the market. It accessed over 90% of Canadian airline industry, US trans border and international markets. It makes counter decisions to be at better grounds than Westjet. Other low fare competitors include Cantet, HMY airways, Zoom airlines, Tango, and Jazz and Zip air. Decisions Alternative and Solutions Alternative -1 Tran border expansion Westjet may decide to expand in Tran border operations. Venturing into this area calls for increased cost in increasing aircrafts. Tough competition from subsidiary airlines of stronger airline could threaten its low fare strategy. There is very high competition in the trans-boarder market as it includes both the Canadian as well as the US airlines. Replacing the older aircrafts would also be essential to pave way for efficient aircrafts to travel non-stop across cities in Canada as well as across the borders. Alternative -2 Offer low cost and low fare and increase Canada market Westjet can maintain its status quo. It can strengthen or empower its employees results to increase their satisfaction that is further projected to the customers. Its small size will ensures low cost structure and fewer employees. Operating in the profitable routes makes it more efficient than large airlines. It must also ensure that it offers convenient schedules. It can increase or maintain these profits by increasing its scope. Westjet can advertise its services extensively through it the advertising and new media division in its sales and marketing. Advertisements can be through magazines, outdoors advertising, radio, television, and transit messaging and web advertisement. (P. 378). It can also increase offers to act as incentives like random promotion for instance, the prime ministers day special. Westjet offers tickets less reservation system through Internet bookings that are very convenient and effective to consumers. It also eliminated unnecessary costs that go with printing distribution and tracking of tickets Alternative -3 Venture more in charter segment. Westjet can opt to expand in the third party sector or the charter services. It is appropriate as the unutilized aircrafts can be utilized during winter. It can team up with established charter flight businesses. Most Favored Alternative The strategy that best suffice Westjet expansion is to expand its operation in Canada. Westjet has only exploited 10% of its potential market share and therefore has more potential to expand. (p. 375). It can increase the number of flights made and venture into areas that have not been exploited. Profits and ROI In 2001 Westjet had $ 478 million profits that rose to $ 680 million in 2002. It can continue with this trend if it exploits the unexploited 90% of its potential. (P. 380) References: Peter Yannoupoulus. West Jet Airlines Case 4 pg 376-380

The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay Example

The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay Example The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay Essay Topic: Rebuttal The Humanities are not a Luxury: A Manifesto for the Twenty-first Century In her piece The Humanities are not a Luxury: A Manifesto for the Twenty-first Century, Smith Martha Nell delivers the message that humanities are an expression of the human condition rather than a luxury. Initially, she quotes the evidence from Audre Lordes, a credible scholar, work arguing that poetry is no luxury but a necessity in our lives. The claim here is that poetry is a form of humanity and it includes all that humans do in their lives including music, theatre, dancing, history etc. All these poetry is used to capture our deepest fears and hopes rather than just be luxurious (Smith 48). Smith acknowledges the contrary argument that poets do not reflect on humans daily lives since their words are full of metaphorical meanings. Her claim is hinged on the claim from Robert Frost, a credible scholar, that the words do not always yield positive outcomes as the poets dont tell boys what to think (48). They (poets) do not tell them what conclusions or meanings to draw from the poems whichleavesthem (boys) in the dark. Thiscounter argumentsets up a problem of including metaphors in the poets work but Smith outlines that the metaphors are important and create the need for critical thinking for humans (50). To show the importance of critical thinking, Smith uses an example of the California budget crisis in which Mark Yudolf, president of the University of California, used a metaphor to air out the grievances of the English departments not receiving their payment. The Englishdepartment in this casereferred to the humanities department and the point was that the humanities curricula and researches cost much but did not pay. The rebuttal point here is that the in the context ofYudolfsclaim, themediaand the general public was supposed to put this and that together thus deducing what he meant (50). Smith further uses,Yudolfscase to stress thathumanityarenot a luxury. She quotes an argument brought out by a credible scholar, Emily Dickinson, who argues that the value of artist humanities is priceless in the society (51). The argument leads to the declaration that humanities and social sciences are vital necessities in human life even though Yudolf might have been interpreted as an expense, a luxury. Humanities are not a luxury but a great benefit in understanding the society(Gil Soeiro and Tavares 1). Smith stresses that humanities are not a luxury by quoting the claims of Robert Watson and Lorde who claim that humanities and social sciences are actually enrichment to the institutions and to the students lives. The claim is that they yield more than 100% of their total expenditure. Smith backs this with the evidence by Yudolf who social sciences and humanities are a better source of cross-subsidy for the institutions unlike the laboratory requiring courses such as engineering (51). Smith points out that there is no major crisis in the humanities sector as Yudolf claimed in his argument. Nevertheless, the image, as evident in Smiths document, shows students ofYudolfsschool protesting with a bannerwrittensave the humanities (Smith 52). More evident news press claims of the crisis are that:PHDs seeking positions will not get employment, the American Council of Learned Societies claim that humanitiesPHDsgraduates cant find jobs, the humanities being attacked every day, and the claim that the humanities are no longer humane (52). The author claims that there is a public disinvestment in the humanities and portrays the problem that the public universities are hardly funded. She quotes the claims by Lewis that only the minority try to air out the humanities grievances. The most vocal groups, such as the media and the politicians do not back up this concerns of whichHolm,Jarrickand Scott agree (Holm, Jarrick and Scott 160). The significance of the claim is that democracy is strong if it is backed up without fear which means we should always think critically so as to advance in it (52). The author wraps up the document by recommending what she calls, the technology of self-consciousness. She recommends that; the humanities team should get past the myth that the humanities are an expense; the team should always challenge the humanities since as Smith quotes, an analysis of how the conventions of the outbreak narrative shape attitudes toward disease emergence and social transformation can lead to more effective, just, and compassionate responses both to a changing world and to the problems of global health and human welfare.(Chew 1203); the team should never be ruled by money but rather theybefocused on passing the education; they should not allow technology to brainwash them from humanehumanities; andfinally they should ensure the best rapport between the elders and the peers alike. Only if webecomfortable around thehuman kindwill the humanities make sense (Smith 54-55). Work Cited Chew, Suok Kai. Contagious: Cultures, Carriers, And The Outbreak Narrative.Choice Reviews Online46.01 (2008): 1203. Web. Gil Soeiro, Ed. Ricardo and Sofia Tavares. Rethinking The Humanities: Paths And Challenges.The Kelvingrove Review1.11 (2012): 1. Web. 13 Oct. 2016. Holm, Poul, Arne Jarrick, and Dominic Scott.Humanities World Report 2015. Hampshire: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2015. Print. Nell Smith, Martha. The Humanities Are Not A Luxury: A Manifesto For The Twenty-First Century.Liberal Education 102.3(Winter 2011): 48-55, Web. 13 Oct. 2016.

The Meaning of Life in To the Lighthouse Essays

The Meaning of Life in To the Lighthouse Essays The Meaning of Life in To the Lighthouse Paper The Meaning of Life in To the Lighthouse Paper Essay Topic: Light in August Virginia Woolf was never reticent about her atheism, stating that certainly, emphatically, there is no God. This does not mean, however, that she did not feel the need for something that would give a purpose to life, and in To the Lighthouse, each of the characters appears to be searching for this. The apparently trivial details, to which she pays such attention, carry the weight of a struggle to draw form out of chaos, to grant shape and meaning to human experience. Each of the characters clings to one philosophy or another, be it art, scholarship or family duties, although they all lack the self-knowledge that previous literature had presented as the crucial form of wisdom. The self in this novel is elusive, complex and volatile, but it is with this that the characters must discover the meaning in life. An unmarried woman has missed the best of life, argues Mrs. Ramsay, who has faith in marriage above all things. Marriage, she believes, is not merely a contract, it is an affirmation of order and stability. There is a clear demarcation of masculine and feminine domains in the novel. The feminine domain is the home, where Mrs. Ramsay fulfils her purpose as a woman by being a good wife and mother (She would be happy if always to have a baby in her arms). She also has the whole of the other sex under her protection, not only due to admiration of them, but also because she pitied men always as if they lacked something women never, as if they had something. There is, she believes, profound value in the traditional womans role. Within this role, the process of establishing relationships between people is of paramount importance. In fact, drawing people together, overcoming their personal differences, has become her reason for being. She struggles against the complexity of life, described as her old antagonist, in order to act as a consoling presence for her family and friends. In XVII (The Window), she contemplates the meaning of her existence. All she has, she thinks, is only this an infinitely long table of plates and knives. But she seems here to be standing separate from her life, for when she gives herself a shake, the old familiar pulse begins to beat again, suggesting a return to life. That pulse is hospitality without it she looked old and worn, but when she regains it, it was as if the ship had turned and the sun had struck its sails again. Mrs. Ramsay had given. Giving, giving, giving, she had died and had left all this, complains Lily. Helping the less fortunate was something that Mrs. Ramsays lived for. Her compassionate nature made her alert to the plight of the poor and the suffering, and she desired to help in some practical way to alleviate their distress. In I, 1, she knits a stocking for the lighthouse-keepers son, who is unwell, and visits the home of a sick woman in the nearby town. She is active in promoting certain improvements in social welfare, which should ameliorate the lot of the underprivileged. She gives her whole self for the happiness of others. Indeed, happiness, when applied to other people, is meaning is itself. She contemplates the lives of her children: knowing what was before them love and ambition and being wretched alone in dreary places she often had the feeling, Why must they grow up and lose it all? And then she said to herself, brandishing her sword at life, Nonsense. They will be pe rfectly happy. Mr. Ramsay is also concerned with social issues, caring so much about fishermen and their wages that he lost sleep, and believing that the lot of the average person should be of paramount concern in social policy. He evidently finds great value in poetry (though he considers art a superficial embellishment, unnecessary in a truly civilised society). These are not central to his understanding of purpose, however. He has a linearity of thinking best suited to logical argument and extraordinary concepts, and sees mental achievement in terms of an alphabet, where meaning comes from climbing up, letter by letter, and reaching Z is the ultimate goal. This brings its insecurities: In that flash of darkness he heard people saying he was a failure that R was beyond him. Although he appears to be driven by a fiery unworldliness, suggesting a deep purpose to his life, at one point Lily sees him as a petty, selfish, vain, egotistical tyrant. Indeed, he is obsessed with the nature of greatness, fearing that his own work will not be valued by posterity. There is a sense that if he is not remembered after his death (through his books), his life will have been meaningless. Art is Lily Briscoes means to emulate Mrs. Ramsay in making coherent form from lifes chaos without adopting her faith in marriage, which she perceives as a shortcoming. Importantly for her, as a woman, the creative affirmation of painting allows her to move out of the domestic confines which constrained Mrs. Ramsay. So what would seem to Mrs. Ramsay to be misfortune, she considers as luck: She had only escaped by the skin of her teeth though, she thought. She had been looking at the table-cloth, and it had flashed upon her that she would move the tree to the middle, and never need marry anybody, and she felt an enormous exultation. It is a meaningful break from the cycle of tradition. Virginia Woolfs own decision to become a writer enabled her to experience the world beyond those limits within which her mother led her life. In the novel, it is Lily who has the final joy, the final fulfilment of purpose: With a sudden intensity, as if she saw it clear for a second, she drew a line the re, in the centre. It was done; it was finished. Yes, she thought, laying down her brush in extreme fatigue, I have had my vision. Augustus Carmichael (rubicund, drowsy, entirely contented), has broken from a different cycle. He is evidently indifferent to worldly success, and has surrendered all ambition in a manner unthinkable to Mr Ramsay. In doing so, he has found peace. Minta and Paul followed the advice of Mrs. Ramsay, but the marriage had turned out rather badly. What brought them some happiness was untraditional it was Pauls infidelity which made them excellent friends. The idea that meaning belongs in a traditional life is now shattered. Allusion in the novel to the Great War suggests that the dominance of conventionally masculine values has reached an impasse. The gaining of power is not the essence of life, only the cause of death. How aimless it was, how chaotic, how unreal it was, she (Lily) thought, looking at her empty coffee cup. Mrs. Ramsay dead; Andrew killed; Prue dead too repeat it as she might, it roused no feeling in her. In any case, time and nature obliterates any individual determinati ons in its sweep. Deaths are mentioned in parenthesis, as if they are of little consequence to the whole. Chaos and disintegration are the realities of life. For James, in The Window, visiting the lighthouse is a distant goal, the object of an adventure. The intensity of James hostile response to his father is a measure of the strength of his desire to reach the lighthouse. By The Lighthouse, this purpose has changed into fighting tyranny to the death, and it is Mr. Ramsay whose purpose is that of visiting the lighthouse. Both are fulfilled Mr. Ramsay ends his tyranny by praising James; they reach the lighthouse. Mr. Ramsay rose and stood in the bow of the boat, very straight and tall, for all the world, James thought, as if he were saying, There is no God. This confident declaration of independence appears to be the conclusion to his search for meaning. Lily, far away, perceives this: He has landed, she said aloud. It is finished. Mrs. Ramsay lives on after death in the way she is remembered. This is Mr. Ramsays idea of meaning in life the gaining of immortality. But of all the people in this book, it is the mystic and the visionary who have the surety. They, walking the beach on a fine night, stirring a puddle, looking at a stone, asking themselves What am I, What is this? had suddenly an answer vouchsafed them: (they could not say what it was) so that they were warm in the frost and had comfort in the desert. The ineffability suggests that each man must find the answer for himself. Perhaps Mr. Ramsay stumbled on that answer as he stepped from the boat, and Lily also, for she has had her vision.

Managing Competing Agendas Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Managing Competing Agendas - Assignment Example incipal information officer who drives this objective by managing the development and execution of an initiative -level information technology framework (Corbett &Kappagoda, 2013). Health and Human Services Department is committed to ensuring efficient and effective management concerning the information resources that are meant to support the public health vision and mission, human service program, and the U.S. health system. In addition to overseeing the department, the chief information officer is responsible for designing the its policy outline for information technology, including areas such as enterprise architecture, investment planning, accessibility, security and privacy, and records management (Venkatesh, Hoehle, &Aljafari, 2014). For instance, the security field has a strong framework, which incorporates the Federal Information Security and Management Act of 2002 (FISMA), technology guidance on safety and privacy that remains to be covered in the policies of the department. The Department of Information Technology is sizable and comprises support for many grant programs that provide information technology resources to local, state, and tribal governments with an aim to support the plans administered by Health and Human Services Department (Venkatesh, Hoehle, &Aljafari, 2014). The Department’s group also encourages everything from public and commodity information technology matters such as human resources, accounting systems and email, to the duty systems which allows research at the National Institutes of Health, Directive of Drugs, and strategies for the Food and Drug Administration. Health and Human Services Department is responsible for various sets of missions. Its operating divisions comprise of the administration for kids and families, the management for community living, the management for health examination and quality, various Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the Nutrition and Drug Management. The information technology

Ethnography Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Ethnography - Research Paper Example At a personal level I needed the help of trusted informants who were knowledgeable or well located to earnest information. This was of course not going to be achieved easily but over a certain period of time. It’s hard to give a specific time frame within which the whole work is to be done but depended on how fast one can grasp such information. On a normal scale, a year or two would be good. It’s also depends on how complex some societies are owing to cultural influence from the natives under study. While carrying out a fieldwork activity it’s important to document one experience at the end of the study. This is because one is likely to experience cultural shock; it has the ability to enhance ones understanding though. Strange cultural practices such as eating habits, trends and other behavioral patterns witnessed is no longer perceived the same way. My experience has helped me to quickly identify such occurrences thus making precise judgment. In order to achiev e it it requires keen observation as well as the ability to conjure up accurate statistics within the shortest time possible. This has served as an added advantage to me basically because it has encouraged me to learn native cultures as well as language in the shortest time possible. At present ethnographic assembling and research approaches have gone beyond cultural anthropology. They now include studies on composition where students can be asked to conduct short-term observations on groups and write an ethnography using their observations. Students are thus expected to participate, analyze, observe, reflect, rethink, write and describe cultures, their members, and several other own involvements with them. Doing ethnographic data collection involves primary research that includes long-term study of the observed culture as well as immersion. Among the most basic methods of those sort of research include:- †¢ Secondary Data Analysis †¢ Fieldwork with Observation/Participant Observation †¢ Informal and Semi-Structured Interviews’ Secondary data analysis include Secondary sources, or existing data about a culture already analyzed by a researcher, it’s important for generating ideas and questions to explore further in your research. These can include scholarly publications, statistical data, records, etc. Fieldwork is the essential portion of ethnography that comprises primary research. The ethnographer spends an extended period in and among the observed group, learning their routines and customs. Ideally, the role of the researcher is that of both an observer and a participant/observer (McGraw). While in my field I usually listen and watch how members among different cultures interact. This alone can’t however guarantee much; in order to realize the expectation participation is of the essence and could as well help in facilitating cultural exchange among different societies. Experience thus serves as the best teacher in this re gard and can only be earned over time through close interaction. It has in my own opinion helped me in identifying critical aspects on cultural issue while trying to identify why and how they came into being. While trying to put this into account one has to select an area of scope to carry out his study. The starting ought to be clearly introduce the general